• Executing a shell command

  os.system()

• Get the users environment

  os.environ()

• Returns the current working directory

  os.getcwd()

• Return a list of the entries in the directory given by path

  os.listdir(path)

• Create a directory named path with numeric mode mode

  os.mkdir(path)

• Recursive directory creation function

  os.makedirs(path)

• Remove (delete) the file path

  os.remove(path)

• Remove directories recursively

  os.removedirs(path)

• Rename the file or directory src to dst

  os.rename(src, dst)

• Remove (delete) the directory path

  os.rmdir(path)

• split:

  import os
  from urlparse import urlparse
   
  filename = "E:\\do-choi\\do-choi-giay\\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html"
   
  print "full filename", filename
  print "using", os.name, "..."
  print "split", "=>", os.path.split(filename)
  print "splitdrive", "=>", os.path.splitdrive(filename)
  print "splitext", "=>",os.path.splitext(filename)
  print "splitunc", "=>",os.path.splitunc(filename)

  output:

  full filename E:\do-choi\do-choi-giay\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html
  using nt ...
  split => ('E:\\do-choi\\do-choi-giay', 'the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html')
  splitdrive => ('E:', '\\do-choi\\do-choi-giay\\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html')
  splitext => ('E:\\do-choi\\do-choi-giay\\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi', '.html')
  splitunc => ('', 'E:\\do-choi\\do-choi-giay\\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html')

• using os.path to check what a filename represents

  import os
   
  FILES = (
      os.curdir,
      "/",
      "file",
      "/file",
      "samples",
      "samples/sample.jpg",
      "directory/file",
      "../directory/file",
      "/directory/file"
      )
   
  for file in FILES:
      print file, "=>",
      if os.path.exists(file):
          print "EXISTS",
      if os.path.isabs(file):
          print "ISABS",
      if os.path.isdir(file):
          print "ISDIR",
      if os.path.isfile(file):
          print "ISFILE",
      if os.path.islink(file):
          print "ISLINK",
      if os.path.ismount(file):
          print "ISMOUNT",
      print

  output:

  . => EXISTS ISDIR
  / => EXISTS ISABS ISDIR ISMOUNT
  file =>
  /file => ISABS
  samples => EXISTS ISDIR
  samples/sample.jpg => EXISTS ISFILE
  directory/file =>
  ../directory/file =>
  /directory/file => ISABS

• Using os.path to handle filename

  import os
  import re
   
  filename = "my/little/pony.txt"
   
  print "using", os.name, "..."
  print "split", "=>", os.path.split(filename)
  print "splitext", "=>", os.path.splitext(filename)
  print "dirname", "=>", os.path.dirname(filename)
  print "basename", "=>", os.path.basename(filename)
  print "join", "=>", os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filename),
                                   os.path.basename(filename))
  print "realpath", os.path.realpath(filename)
  print "abspath", os.path.abspath(filename)
  print "rename filename to ", re.sub(r'\.txt', '', filename) + '.html'

  ⇒ output

  using nt ...
  split => ('my/little', 'pony.txt')
  splitext => ('my/little/pony', '.txt')
  dirname => my/little
  basename => pony.txt
  join => my/little\pony.txt
  realpath E:\backup\GoogleDrive\projects\python\my\little\pony.txt
  abspath E:\backup\GoogleDrive\projects\python\my\little\pony.txt
  rename filename to  my/little/pony.html

• get normal path

  import os
   
  filename = "E:\\do-choi\\do-choi-giay\\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html"
   
  print "full filename", filename
  print "basename", os.path.basename(filename)
  print "dirname", os.path.dirname(filename)
  print "splitdrive", "=>", os.path.splitdrive(filename)
  fullpathname = os.path.dirname(filename)
  pathname = os.path.splitdrive(fullpathname)[1]
  print "pathname = ", pathname
  normalpath = pathname[1:]
  print "normalpath = ", normalpath

  output:

  full filename E:\do-choi\do-choi-giay\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html
  basename the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html
  dirname E:\do-choi\do-choi-giay
  splitdrive => ('E:', '\\do-choi\\do-choi-giay\\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html')
  pathname =  \do-choi\do-choi-giay
  normalpath =  do-choi\do-choi-giay

• urlparse

  import os
  from urlparse import urlparse
   
  url = "http://shop.babies.vn/do-choi/do-choi-giay/the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html"
  o = urlparse(url)
  print o
  filename = o.path
  print filename
  print "split", "=>", os.path.split(filename)
  print "splitext", "=>", os.path.splitext(filename)
  print "dirname", "=>", os.path.dirname(filename)
  print "basename", "=>", os.path.basename(filename)
  print "join", "=>", os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filename),
                                   os.path.basename(filename))
  print "realpath", os.path.realpath(filename)
  print "abspath", os.path.abspath(filename)

  output:

  ParseResult(scheme='http', netloc='shop.babies.vn', path='/do-choi/do-choi-giay/the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html', params='', query='', fragment='')
  /do-choi/do-choi-giay/the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html
  split => ('/do-choi/do-choi-giay', 'the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html')
  splitext => ('/do-choi/do-choi-giay/the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi', '.html')
  dirname => /do-choi/do-choi-giay
  basename => the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html
  join => /do-choi/do-choi-giay\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html
  realpath E:\do-choi\do-choi-giay\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html
  abspath E:\do-choi\do-choi-giay\the-hinh-chu-so-vua-hoc-vua-choi.html

• using os.path.walk list all file in current directory and all subdirectories

  import os
   
  def gotodir(arg, directory, files):
      for file in files:
          print file
   
  os.path.walk(".", gotodir, "")

  Output

  .project
  .pydevproject
  conent.tpl
  index.html
  parser.py
  test.py

• using os.path.walk list all full filename in current directory and all subdirectories

  import os
   
  def gotodir(arg, directory, files):
      for file in files:
          fullfilename = os.path.join(directory,file)
          print fullfilename
   
  os.path.walk(".", gotodir, "")

• Find all files with extension “.py”:

  import os
   
  def gotodir(arg, directory, files):
      for file in files:
          extName = os.path.splitext(file)[1];
          if extName == '.py':
              fullfilename = os.path.join(directory,file)
              print fullfilename
   
  os.path.walk(".", gotodir, "")

import os
 
fullpathexecute = sys.argv[0]
pathofexecute = os.path.split(fullpathexecute)[0]
print pathofexecute